{"id":1868,"date":"2025-08-19T12:02:42","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T12:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lopsssdoner.com\/?p=1868"},"modified":"2025-08-19T12:02:43","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T12:02:43","slug":"bir-kavram-olarak-fikih-kaideleri-ya-da-islam-hukukunun-genel-ilkeleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/2025\/08\/19\/bir-kavram-olarak-fikih-kaideleri-ya-da-islam-hukukunun-genel-ilkeleri\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u0130R KAVRAM OLARAK &#8220;FIKIH K\u00c2\u0130DELER\u0130&#8221; YA DA \u0130SLAM HUKUKUNUN GENEL \u0130LKELER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><em>Ahmet YAMAN<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00a0Kamu ve \u00f6zel hukukun hemen her alan\u0131nda uygulanabilen ve hukukun temel ilkelerini yans\u0131tan komprime hukuk kurallar\u0131na, \u201c<em>hukukun genel ilkeleri<\/em>\u201d ad\u0131 verilmektedir. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle hukukun genel ilkeleri, kanunlardaki m\u00fcnferit kurallar\u0131n temelini te\u015fkil eden ve bilin\u00e7li ya da bilin\u00e7siz hukuk\u00ee yarg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 etkileyen, hukuk idesinden do\u011fmu\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck fikirler ve genel ger\u00e7ekliklerdir.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>Hukukun genel ilkeleri (<em>les principes generaux du droit<\/em>;\u00a0<em>allgemeine rechtsgrundsatze<\/em>), pozitif\/mer\u2019\u00ee hukuk d\u00fczenlemelerinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hayat\u0131na uygulanabilecek, ve ak\u0131l ile hukukun vazge\u00e7ilmez temel idesi olan \u201cadalet\u201de uygun ideal hukuk kurallar\u0131n\u0131 temsil ederler.Hemen her hukuk sisteminde, \u00e7o\u011fu veciz ifadeler \u015feklinde olan ve geni\u015f uygulama sahas\u0131 bulunan bu t\u00fcr ilkeler g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Mesela insanl\u0131k tarihinin k\u00f6kl\u00fc hukuk sistemlerinden birisi olan Roma hukukunda, tafsilatl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler yan\u0131nda genel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u201c<em>E\u015fit hakka m\u00e2lik olanlar aras\u0131nda engel olan, en kuvvetlisidir<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>, \u201c<em>Kimse zilyetli\u011fin hukuk\u00ee sebebini bizzat de\u011fi\u015ftiremez<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>, \u201c<em>Cins tamamen yok olamaz<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>, \u201c<em>\u0130c\u00e2zet vekalet demektir<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0gibi genel kaideler, bu meyanda hemen g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r.Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, orta zamanlar\u0131n Katolik Kilise hukukunu derleyen C.\u0130.Canonici\u2019de \u201c<em>S\u00fck\u00fbt eden kabul eder<\/em>\u201d anlam\u0131nda\u00a0<em>qui tacet consentire videtur<\/em>\u00a0ilkesi yer almaktayd\u0131.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a>\u0130sl\u00e2m hukukunda da, ilk d\u00f6nemlerin birikiminden istifadeyle orta zamanlardan itibaren bu anlam\u0131 ifade edecek tarzda \u201c<em>el-Kav\u00e2id\u00fc&#8217;l-F\u0131khiyye<\/em>\u201d veya \u201c<em>el-Kav\u00e2id\u00fc&#8217;l-K\u00fclliyye<\/em>\u201d terimleriyle genel f\u0131k\u0131h prensipleri tesbit edilmi\u015f ve edebiyat\u0131 te\u015fekk\u00fcl etmi\u015ftir.Biz burada, bir kavram olarak \u201cf\u0131k\u0131h kaidesi\u201d \u00fczerinde duracak, tarifi, tarih\u00ee s\u00fcreci, faydalar\u0131, kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131flanmas\u0131 ve edebiyat\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131yla konuyu ele almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0Edis Seyfullah, Meden\u00ee Hukuka Giri\u015f ve Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 H\u00fck\u00fcmleri, Ankara 1993, s. 146<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0Koschaker Paul,\u00a0<em>Roma \u00d6zel Hukukunun Ana Hatlar\u0131<\/em>, Ankara 1977, s.121(Inpari causa potior est causa prohibentis)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0Koschaker, age., s.129 (Nema sibi ipse causam possessionis mutare potest)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0Koschaker, age., s. 192 (Genus pesire non censetur)<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0Koschaker, age., s. 258 (Ratihabito mandato comparatuar).Ba\u015fka baz\u0131 genel ilkeler i\u00e7in bkz.\u00a0Koschaker, age., s.142, 143,145,214,268,352,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/makale\/makale26.html#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\u00a0bkz.Koschaker, Roma \u00d6zel Hukukunun Ana Hatlar\u0131, s. 58<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ahmet YAMAN \u00a0Kamu ve \u00f6zel hukukun hemen her alan\u0131nda uygulanabilen ve hukukun temel ilkelerini yans\u0131tan komprime hukuk kurallar\u0131na, \u201chukukun genel ilkeleri\u201d ad\u0131 verilmektedir. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle hukukun genel ilkeleri, kanunlardaki m\u00fcnferit kurallar\u0131n temelini te\u015fkil eden ve bilin\u00e7li ya da bilin\u00e7siz hukuk\u00ee yarg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 etkileyen, hukuk idesinden do\u011fmu\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck fikirler ve genel ger\u00e7ekliklerdir.[1]Hukukun genel ilkeleri (les principes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makalelink"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1869,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1868\/revisions\/1869"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}