{"id":1838,"date":"2025-08-19T11:54:43","date_gmt":"2025-08-19T11:54:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lopsssdoner.com\/?p=1838"},"modified":"2025-08-19T11:54:44","modified_gmt":"2025-08-19T11:54:44","slug":"turkiye-cumhuriyeti-bassavciligi-kurulmalidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/2025\/08\/19\/turkiye-cumhuriyeti-bassavciligi-kurulmalidir\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u00a0\u00a0CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130\u00a0\u00a0BA\u015eSAVCILI\u011eI\u00a0\u00a0KURULMALIDIR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Sabih KANADO\u011eLU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hedeflenen siyasal amaca ula\u015fabilmek&nbsp;&nbsp;i\u00e7in ter\u00f6r ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmakta, mali \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n giderek artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Her iki su\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fc de organize bi\u00e7imde i\u015flenmekte ve ter\u00f6r yada \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kurulmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ter\u00f6r ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, finansmanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kanal\u0131yla sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Her iki \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fcnde ortak \u00f6zellik, teknolojinin t\u00fcm olanaklar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131larak h\u0131zl\u0131 ve etkili y\u00f6ntemlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130rticai veya b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin toplumsal d\u00fczeni sarsarak insanlar aras\u0131nda panik yaratmak, kamu d\u00fczenini felce u\u011fratmak ve devlet otoritesini zay\u0131flatmak i\u00e7in ter\u00f6r eylemlerine ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin eylemleri sosyal, ekonomik ve siyasi kurumlar\u0131n temellerini sarsmakta, devlette \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc ve toplumda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcme yaratmaktad\u0131r. Uyu\u015fturucu, silah ve m\u00fchimmat, n\u00fckleer ve radyoaktif madde, organ ve doku, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tabiat varl\u0131klar\u0131, insan ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, ka\u00e7ak i\u015f\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, karapara aklama, r\u00fc\u015fvet, doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k, sahtecilik, bili\u015fim vb. su\u00e7lar\u0131 bu t\u00fcr eylemlere \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar ulusal d\u00fczeyi a\u015farak \u00fclke d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki su\u00e7 odaklar\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 hale gelmi\u015f ve uluslararas\u0131 boyut kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fctlerin ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131k\u00e7a verdikleri zararda artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle, t\u00fcm \u00fclkeler ter\u00f6r ve \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle m\u00fccadelede ortak bir politika izlemek zorundad\u0131r. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler b\u00fcnyesinde&nbsp;&nbsp;\u015fimdiye kadar bir \u00e7ok uluslararas\u0131 antla\u015fma, ter\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli t\u00fcrlerine kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in imzalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa Konseyi b\u00fcnyesinde imzalanan \u201cTedhi\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fin \u00d6nlenmesine \u0130li\u015fkin Avrupa S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d de bu ortak iradenin \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7larla m\u00fccadele konusu T\u00fcrkiye-Avrupa Birli\u011fi ili\u015fkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu konuya ili\u015fkin 24 Mart 2001 tarihinde resmen a\u00e7\u0131klanan kat\u0131l\u0131m ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belgesinde, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7larla m\u00fccadelenin daha da g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131, k\u0131sa d\u00f6nemli \u00f6ncelikler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ortak m\u00fccadele iradesinin yan\u0131nda, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede Ceza ve Ceza Yarg\u0131lama Yasalar\u0131nda yeni&nbsp;&nbsp;d\u00fczenlemeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle sava\u015f\u0131mda \u00f6nce a\u011f\u0131r cezalar \u00f6ng\u00f6ren yasalar, sonra bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmas\u0131nda yeni y\u00f6ntemler getirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6zel soru\u015fturma y\u00f6ntemlerini uygulamak \u00fczere yeni kurumlar olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye y\u0131llard\u0131r ter\u00f6r olgusu ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7 kapsam\u0131nda \u00fclkenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fine&nbsp;&nbsp;ve ulus birli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 yo\u011fun eylemlerde bulunmu\u015ftur. Devlete ve rejime y\u00f6nelmi\u015f olan ve Cumhuriyetin \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131, Laik Demokratik Cumhuriyeti ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131&nbsp;&nbsp;ama\u00e7layan&nbsp;&nbsp;di\u011fer irticai ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin tehdit ve eylemleri ciddi ve kayg\u0131 verici boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 mahkeme kararlar\u0131 ile ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Ve en \u00f6nemlisi ter\u00f6r ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin millet\u00e7e yap\u0131lan m\u00fccadele sonucu&nbsp;&nbsp;\u00e7\u00f6kertilmesine ra\u011fmen, tehlike ve tehdit devam etmektedir. Uluslararas\u0131 ter\u00f6r\u00fcn Irak sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra b\u00f6lgede&nbsp;&nbsp;ve d\u00fcnyada sessiz kalaca\u011f\u0131 ise iyimser bir olas\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin olu\u015fumlar\u0131n\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00e7o\u011frafi konumu ile birlikte ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ge\u00e7i\u015f yolu \u00f6zelli\u011fi nedeniyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir\u00e7ok su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan \u00fclkemizde, son y\u0131llardaki enflasyon ve ekonomik krizler nedeniyle zorla\u015fan ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n toplumda \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeye ve yozla\u015fmaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda kamuoyunu kayg\u0131 ve infiale sevk eden \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc yolsuzluk olaylar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ter\u00f6r ve \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle m\u00fccadelede g\u00f6rev DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na verilmi\u015ftir. Yetki ve g\u00f6revleri, b\u00f6lgeleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bu Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n aralar\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011fi yetersiz olup; hiyerar\u015fi, e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm, bilgi ve ar\u015fiv birikimi yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle m\u00fccadele ancak \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131labilir. \u015eu anda uygulamada da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131k ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fccadelede ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sorumlusu ise yetenekli, ehil ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan Cumhuriyet Savc\u0131lar\u0131 de\u011fil, sistemin kendisidir. Ba\u015fka bir deyimle sistemsizliktir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rneklersek,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I- Ter\u00f6r veya \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri eylemlerini birden fazla yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresinde hatta t\u00fcm \u00fclke boyutunda i\u015fleyebilmektedir. Bu durumda DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda koordinasyon sa\u011flanamamaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczdendir ki, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulu\u015f yasas\u0131nda olanak tan\u0131nmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ba\u015fka yer DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n yetki alan\u0131na giren i\u015flerde de soru\u015fturma yapabilmekte, o yerlerden zorla getirtti\u011fi ki\u015filerin ifadelerini ald\u0131ktan sonra, kendisinin yetkili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle elkoydu\u011fu i\u015fleri yetkili ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klara g\u00f6nderebilmektedir. \u00c7ok az say\u0131daki Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemelerinde dahi bu t\u00fcr olaylar\u0131n ya\u015fanmas\u0131 halk indinde \u201ckeyfi muamele\u201d yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131n\u0131 yaratmakta ve sonu\u00e7ta yarg\u0131 y\u0131pranmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>II- DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki koordinasyon s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 o boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki, \u00f6rne\u011fin b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc ter\u00f6rba\u015f\u0131 yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yo\u011fun surette su\u00e7 i\u015flenen pek \u00e7ok yerde yetkili bulunan DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nca hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kamu davas\u0131n\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>III- DGM Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ile di\u011fer Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar aras\u0131nda da yetki sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin Bankalar Kanununa Muhalefet su\u00e7lar\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck patron ve bankac\u0131lar\u0131n nerede yarg\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 sorunu, siyasi ki\u015fili\u011fi bulunan Adalet Bakan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenebilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IV- T\u00fcrkiye \u00fcniter bir devlet yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar aras\u0131nda teknik anlamda bir hiyerar\u015fi bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 konuda muhtelif yer savc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131nca m\u00fckerrer olarak dava a\u00e7\u0131labildi\u011fi gibi, a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken davalarda a\u00e7\u0131lmayabilmektedir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rne\u011fin birden fazla yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresinde \u015fubesi bulunan bir anonim \u015firkette yap\u0131lanan bir su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn su\u00e7 i\u015flemesi halinde, s\u00f6zkonusu \u015firketin \u015fubesinin bulundu\u011fu her yerde ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 davalar m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r, \u015firket merkezinin bulundu\u011fu yer savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131 soru\u015fturmay\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctecektir? \u0130nsan haklar\u0131 ihlallerine yol a\u00e7madan deliller nas\u0131l toplanacak, san\u0131klar\u0131n ifadeleri nas\u0131l al\u0131nacakt\u0131r? Vas\u0131tas\u0131zl\u0131k ilkesi nas\u0131l sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r? Su\u00e7un delilleri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak merkezde de\u011fil, ta\u015fra \u015fubelerinde ise nerede bulunan hangi delilin \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa kim karar verecektir? Talimatlarla, uzun yaz\u0131\u015fmalarla soru\u015fturman\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi olanakl\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?&#8230; G\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir ki bu ko\u015fullarda, etkili, h\u0131zl\u0131, \u00e7abuk ve ucuz bir ceza soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n, insan haklar\u0131 ihlallerine yol a\u00e7madan yap\u0131labilmesinin olana\u011f\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V- Su\u00e7 te\u015fkil eden her fiilin, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve soru\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u015flendi\u011fi yerdeki g\u00f6revli savc\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kural ise de, \u00fclkenin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc veya bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ilgilendiren ter\u00f6r veya \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7larda delillerin s\u00fcratle toplanmas\u0131, fiilin hukuki nitelendirmesinin do\u011fru yap\u0131labilmesi, fiiller birden fazla savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgilendiriyorsa aralar\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fcn sa\u011flanmas\u0131, gerekti\u011finde g\u00f6revlilerin uyar\u0131lmas\u0131, davalar\u0131n nerede a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi, bunun sonucunda yarg\u0131laman\u0131n h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u015fart olan bir koordinasyon makam\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VI- Ter\u00f6r ve \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ulusal veya uluslararas\u0131 boyutlar\u0131, bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlerle yasal m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in koordinasyonu zorunlu k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu ihtiyac\u0131 g\u00f6ren \u0130ngiltere, ABD, Federal Almanya, \u0130spanya, Rusya, Macaristan, Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan, Hollanda, Romanya, Litvanya, \u0130sve\u00e7, Finlandiya, Ukrayna, L\u00fcksemburg, Polonya ve daha bir \u00e7ok \u00fclke genel ve tek bir Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 kurulu\u015funa yer vermi\u015f ve bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7larla uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde m\u00fccadele yapma olana\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u015fu anda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de muhatab\u0131 bulunmamakta ve T\u00fcrkiye uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011finin sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 olanaklardan mahrum kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VII- \u00d6te yandan Avrupa Birli\u011fi b\u00fcnyesinde, benzer gerek\u00e7elerle, Toplulu\u011fun mali b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar\u0131n merkezden kovu\u015fturulmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla, her bir \u00fcye devlet \u00fclkesinde Delege Avrupa Savc\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmek \u00fczere merkezi bir Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulmak istenmektedir. Bu yap\u0131lanma i\u00e7erisinde, \u00fcye \u00fclke Ba\u015fsavc\u0131lar\u0131&nbsp;&nbsp;milli d\u00fczeyde g\u00f6rev yapacak olan Delege&nbsp;&nbsp;Avrupa Savc\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 da ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle Avrupa Birli\u011fi i\u00e7inde 26 Temmuz 1995 tarihinden beri, adalet ve i\u00e7i\u015fleri alan\u0131nda&nbsp;&nbsp;i\u015fbirli\u011fi yolu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, birli\u011fin mali menfaatlerinin ceza hukuku yolu ile korunmas\u0131 yolunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; 23.5.2001 tarihinde KOM (2001) 272 numaral\u0131 y\u00f6nerge&nbsp;&nbsp;kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Buna dayal\u0131 olarak da, Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 konulu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme yoluna girmi\u015ftir. Daha \u00f6nce temenni niteli\u011findeki Corpus Juris\u2019deki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irilmek \u00fczeredir. Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikle s\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ilgili konularda yetkili olacakt\u0131r. Avrupa Birli\u011fine dahil Devletler aras\u0131nda ceza hukukunun yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer bir g\u00f6revi, temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetleri korumakt\u0131r. Bu amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Avrupa Birli\u011fi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesine 280\/a numaral\u0131 maddenin eklenmesi \u00f6nerilmektedir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi\u2019nin mali menfaatlerine kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda \u00fcye devletlerde ara\u015ft\u0131rma, soru\u015fturma yapma ve ilgili Devlet mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7ma yetkisi, Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na verilmektedir. Kurulacak Avrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de muhatab\u0131 yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VIII- Avrupa Konseyi b\u00fcnyesinde yeralan \u201cAvrupa Ba\u015fsavc\u0131lar\u0131 Konferans\u0131\u201d platformunun keza T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de muhatab\u0131 bulunmamaktad\u0131r. 1-3 Haziran&nbsp;&nbsp;tarihleri aras\u0131nda Bratislava\u2019da d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc yap\u0131lacak konferansa vaki davet D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri ve Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanal\u0131yla, olsa olsa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6nderilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>IX- T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u015fkence ve insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcc\u00fc muamelelerle ilgili su\u00e7lar\u0131n gerekti\u011fi gibi soru\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, san\u0131klar\u0131n himaye g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yolundaki haks\u0131z ancak yayg\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal d\u00fczenlemeler yeterli ve inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bu konuda da e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcme gereksinim vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u0131ralanan \u00f6rneklerin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koydu\u011fu ger\u00e7ek, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yap\u0131lanmas\u0131yla, ter\u00f6r ve \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle m\u00fccadelede ba\u015far\u0131 kazanmas\u0131n\u0131n olanakl\u0131 olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7are, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu ihtiya\u00e7, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc&nbsp;&nbsp;su\u00e7lar\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 gere\u011finden&nbsp;&nbsp;ve uygulamada ya\u015fanan ve \u00e7o\u011fu ac\u0131 olarak nitelendirilebilecek tecr\u00fcbelerden do\u011fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1924, 1961 ve 1982 Anayasalar\u0131nda yer alan \u201cCumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131\u201d, Devletin tek ve genel bir Anayasal makam\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmakta ve Yarg\u0131tay Yasas\u0131n\u0131n 27 nci maddesi uyar\u0131nca Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilmekte iken, 3611 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa ile il ve il\u00e7elerdeki savc\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n savc\u0131, savc\u0131lar\u0131n Ba\u015fsavc\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131 kazanmalar\u0131 sonucu bir kavram karma\u015fas\u0131 do\u011fmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revlerinin Yarg\u0131tay\u2019la s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinen bir husustur. Y\u00fcce Divan Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131nda, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n, 2820 say\u0131l\u0131 Siyasi Partiler Yasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, 298 say\u0131l\u0131 Se\u00e7imlerin Temel H\u00fck\u00fcmleri ve Se\u00e7men K\u00fct\u00fckleri Hakk\u0131ndaki Yasa\u2019n\u0131n, 2247 say\u0131l\u0131 Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015f \u0130\u015fleyi\u015fi Hakk\u0131ndaki Yasa\u2019n\u0131n, 4483 say\u0131l\u0131 Memurlar ve Di\u011fer Kamu G\u00f6revlilerinin Yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131 Hakk\u0131ndaki Yasa\u2019n\u0131n verdi\u011fi g\u00f6revleri ifa etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu itibarla kavram kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi, Yarg\u0131tay d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda&nbsp;&nbsp;mevcut ve verilecek g\u00f6revleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u201cYarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d gibi \u00f6zel bir kavram yerine \u00fclke ad\u0131yla genel\u2019i ifade eden \u201cT\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ba\u011flamda yarg\u0131sal i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu Yarg\u0131tay\u2019da da g\u00f6rev yapan, tek ve genel yetkili T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, tecr\u00fcbe ve bilgi birikimi yan\u0131nda, Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme Hakimi olarak sahip oldu\u011fu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvencenin, gerek \u0130l, \u0130l\u00e7e ve DGM savc\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na ve gerekse kamuoyuna verece\u011fi g\u00fcven duygusu nedeniyle, b\u00f6yle bir e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcm\u00fc sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in en uygun g\u00f6revli oldu\u011fundan ku\u015fku duyulamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu suretle, do\u011frudan&nbsp;do\u011fruya Devletin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ilgilendiren su\u00e7larla, bir veya birden \u00e7ok yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresinde i\u015flenen veya yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar\u0131n, kamu g\u00f6revlileri hakk\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen i\u015fkence ve insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcc\u00fc muamelelerle ilgili iddialar\u0131n g\u00f6zetim ve denetim alt\u0131nda&nbsp;&nbsp;ara\u015ft\u0131rma, soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcmle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7larla uluslararas\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131n etkin bir bi\u00e7imde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi amac\u0131yla, yabanc\u0131 devletler ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flarla yasalar ve uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme h\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi olana\u011f\u0131 da do\u011facakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Anayasal bir kurum olarak ayr\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7e, kadro ve personel imkan\u0131na kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131, m\u00fccadelede etkinli\u011fi artt\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kurulmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen adli kollu\u011fun do\u011frudan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flanmas\u0131yla Devlet G\u00fcvenlik Mahkemeleri ve di\u011fer yerel Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klarla birlikte m\u00fccadelenin ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 \u015fartlar\u0131 yerine getirilmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcm Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131klar, Adli Kolluk, Mali Su\u00e7lar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu (MASAK) ve uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flarla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yap\u0131lmas\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 boyutta ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 da beraberinde getirecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerle \u00dclkemizin de\u011ferli bilimadamlar\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri al\u0131narak haz\u0131rlanan taslak, Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na sunulmu\u015f olup, kurulan komisyonda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Dile\u011fimiz tasla\u011f\u0131n bir an \u00f6nce yasala\u015farak Anayasal bir kurum olarak T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irilmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131rlanan taslakta \u015fu h\u00fck\u00fcmlere yer verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201c7.11.1982 tarih ve 2709 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131na 158 nci maddeden sonra gelmek \u00fczere,\u201cG-T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201e ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda 158\/A madde numaras\u0131 ile a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki madde eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>G-T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;Madde 158\/A- Anayasa, Yarg\u0131tay Kanunu ve di\u011fer kanunlarla verilen g\u00f6revleri yan\u0131nda, Devletin \u00fclkesi ve milletiyle b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, h\u00fcr demokratik d\u00fczen ve nitelikleri Anayasada belirtilen Cumhuriyet aleyhine i\u015flenen ve do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Devletin i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ilgilendiren su\u00e7larla, bir veya birden \u00e7ok yarg\u0131 \u00e7evresinde i\u015flenen veya yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc su\u00e7lar\u0131n, kamu g\u00f6revlileri hakk\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclen i\u015fkence ve insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcc\u00fc muamelelerle ilgili iddialar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lma, soru\u015fturma ve kovu\u015fturmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetim ve denetimi alt\u0131nda e\u015fg\u00fcd\u00fcmle y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurulur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti&nbsp;&nbsp;Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ba\u015fsavc\u0131, Ba\u015fsavc\u0131vekili ve Savc\u0131lardan olu\u015fur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131 ve Ba\u015fsavc\u0131vekili, Yarg\u0131tay Genel Kurulunun kendi \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131ndan gizli oyla belirleyece\u011fi be\u015fer aday aras\u0131ndan Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00f6rt y\u0131l i\u00e7in se\u00e7ilirler. S\u00fcresi bitenler yeniden se\u00e7ilebilirler.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kurulu\u015fu, i\u015fleyi\u015fi, g\u00f6rev ve yetkileri, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131 ve Ba\u015fsavc\u0131vekilinin nitelikleri ve se\u00e7im usulleri ile Adalet Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Y\u00fcksek Mahkemeler, Uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar ve yabanc\u0131 devletlerin yetkili birimleriyle yap\u0131labilecek i\u015fbirli\u011finin ko\u015ful ve esaslar\u0131 kanunla d\u00fczenlenir.\u201e(x)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir kurulu\u015f olarak bir an \u00f6nce d\u00fczenlenmesinde yarg\u0131sal ve ulusal yarar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>_______________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(X) Tasla\u011f\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131 bulunan Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n U\u011fur Alacakaptan, Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n S\u00fcheyl Batum, Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n Bahri \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n Durmu\u015f Tezcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n Erdo\u011fan Tezi\u00e7, Prof. Dr. Say\u0131n Feridun Yenisey, Do\u00e7. Dr. Say\u0131n Ali R\u0131za \u00c7\u0131nar, Do\u00e7. Dr. Say\u0131n \u0130brahim \u015eahbaz\u2019a ve T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kavram\u0131n\u0131 ilk olarak kamuoyuna tan\u0131tan Yarg\u0131tay Onursal \u00dcyesi Say\u0131n B\u00fclent Akmanlar\u2019a y\u00fcrekten te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(X) (Bu makale, 14 Nisan 2003 tarihli Cumhuriyet Gazetesinde, tam sayfa olarak yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sabih KANADO\u011eLU &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131s\u0131 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hedeflenen siyasal amaca ula\u015fabilmek&nbsp;&nbsp;i\u00e7in ter\u00f6r ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmakta, mali \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131n giderek artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Her iki su\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fc de organize bi\u00e7imde i\u015flenmekte ve ter\u00f6r yada \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kurulmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ter\u00f6r ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin, finansmanlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 su\u00e7 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri kanal\u0131yla sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makalelink"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1838"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1839,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1838\/revisions\/1839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.abchukuk.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}